Teach Skills for Content Reading With Developmental Reading

Developmental reading is a branch of reading instruction that is designed to support literacy in a variety of contexts to improve comprehension and decoding skills. This instructional approach helps bridge gaps in reading skills so that students are better equipped to engage with more advanced content. Whether a student needs to increase their comprehension, speed, accuracy, or something else, developmental reading will help them reach their goals. Developmental reading is designed to supplement existing literacy skills and does not address basic skills such as phonemic awareness,  decoding, and vocabulary.  These are usually taught upon first learning to read. What Developmental Reading Teaches Developmental reading teaches strategies that can be used in any subject area, especially language arts courses and interdisciplinary classes such as social studies, science, and higher-level math courses. These tend to require students to read and understand large amounts of complex text and can be daunting if a student doesnt feel like they have strong reading strategies at their disposal. By teaching readers that a text is the sum of its parts and showing them how to use these parts to their advantage, they will feel ready to tackle any type of reading that they may encounter. Many community colleges and even some high schools offer developmental reading courses to help students prepare for rigorous college-level courses and technical textbooks. Goals of Developmental Reading It is not the case that all readers experience reading in the same ways. There are some who take to reading quickly, some who never do, and some who are in between, but it is important that all students are given equal opportunities. The goal of developmental reading is to lift up the students who need more support and level the playing field so that reading feels possible to everyone. Strong Readers Some students master reading quickly. These students may be so fluent in their use of text features that they can locate information in a text without doing much reading at all.  These readers are equipped with skills and strategies that make it possible for them to take shortcuts without sacrificing the quality of their reading, accuracy, or comprehension. Highly-literate students often possess a confidence that enables them to take on difficult texts without panicking and they are more likely to enjoy reading because of this. The same cannot be said for those that struggle to read. Struggling Readers There are many types of students who might feel overwhelmed by the content they are expected to read, whether because of the length of the text, complexity, or both. Students who have never felt excited about reading or have never had reading role models in their life are unlikely to want to improve their abilities. Those with disabilities or disorders such as dyslexia or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are at an unfair disadvantage in many of their classes. Struggling readers may shut down when presented with a text without searching for information that will make the reading easier. Low confidence makes these readers feel hopeless. Teaching students how to use text features will give them a sense of control over reading. With practice, a student can eventually feel comfortable reading and feel much more positively toward it. Whether a student is reading to prepare for a test, studying, completing an assignment, or just for fun, students who know how to use text features to navigate a text are much better off than those that dont. Strong readers experience school and life very differently, and developmental reading is designed to turn all readers into strong readers. Teaching Text Features Helping students recognize and learn to use text features is the primary goal of developmental reading.  Through these classes, students learn to scan a text for features that will give them clues about its meaning and purpose. Students who understand a text are much more likely to learn from it and retain that knowledge. The following list gives the most common text features: Illustrations or photographs:  The illustrations or photographs are the pictures, either drawn or photographed, that relate to the text and add to its meaning.Titles:  A title is designed to summarize the meaning of a text. This is what the author intends for you to learn from the book or article.Subtitles:  Subtitles organize the information in a text to make it easier to follow. They are the authors way of keeping you tuned in to the meaning.Index:  An index is located in the back of a book. It is a list of terms that are used in the text, organized alphabetically, and shows where you can find them again.Glossary:  A glossary is like an index but provides definitions instead of locations. The terms defined are important to the meaning of the text, so glossaries help a lot with understanding what you are reading.Captions:  Captions are found mostly beneath illustrations or photographs and maps. They label what is shown and offer important supplemental information and cla rification.Maps:  Maps are most often found in social studies texts and they provide visuals for geographical descriptions. Using these text features properly not only increases comprehension and accuracy but also improves ones ability to make predictions and inferences. Predictions and Inferences Successful reading must begin with preparation and students can prepare by making predictions about what they are about to read. Just as good teachers should consider what their students already know before teaching, good readers should consider what they already know before reading. Before diving in, a student should ask themselves: What do I already know? What do I want to know? What do I think Ill learn? As they read, they can check their predictions against the information presented and decide whether they were correct. After making predictions and reading, students should make inferences about meaning and purpose. This is the part where readers get to check their own understanding and use evidence to make conclusions about the information. This step is crucial for the continued development of reading skills and keeps reading purposeful.

Effectiveness of Prisons and Jails to Rehabilitate

On January 18, 1989, the abandonment of rehabilitation in corrections was confirmed by the U.S. Supreme Court. In Mistretta v. United States, the Court upheld federal sentencing guidelines which remove rehabilitation from serious consideration when sentencing offenders. Defendants will henceforth be sentenced strictly for the crime, with no recognition given to such factors as amenability to treatment, personal and family history, previous efforts to rehabilitate oneself, or possible alternatives to prison. The Court outlined the history of the debate: Rehabilitation as a sound enological theory came to be questioned and, in any event, was regarded by some as an unattainable goal for most cases. The Court cited a Senate Report which†¦show more content†¦The second article written by Tamar Lewin, of The New York Times highlights some information and several studies that shows that education programs in prisons and jails help reduce the rate of recidivism. according to a study for the Department of Education Inmates who receive schooling- through vocational training or classes at the high school or college level are far less likely to return within three years of their release, (The New York Times). The article also points out those schooling aids in public safety by getting more parolees to be active and healthy members of society. A source for The New York Times, Stephen J. Steurer, says and I quote We found that for every dollar you spend on education, you save a dollar by avoiding the cost of re- incarceration (The New York Times). Nonetheless, the article is so eagerly notes that even though it has been proven cheaper to educate and rehabilitate than to consistently re- incarcerate former prison and jail inmates â€Å"it very difficult to get public financing for such classes (The New York Times). Lastly, the article touches on the state of affairs of the educational opportunities given. It describes the situation as Varying widely by state, with half or fewer prisoners getting some form of education in most states, and,Show MoreRelatedPrison is no Changing Prisoners1187 Words   |  5 Pagespeople claim that prison does not change people. Research indicates that after indulging in criminal activities, approximately 70% of the released prisoners return to jail within a few years. Most of them fall in three broad areas: †¢ Violent offending †¢ Sex offending †¢ Addictions (Prisoner Rehabilitation) This shows that there are many different types of criminals some more violent than others. On the other hand, some people believe that criminals can rehabilitate after prison. Evidence showsRead MoreMale And Female Sentencing : A Look Into Alternative Sentencing1274 Words   |  6 Pagesrates rising and jail and prison populations at an all-time high, alternative sentencing is being used more often with non-violent offenders. This paper looks at male and female incarceration rates, the use of alternative programs for sentencing between the two and the effectiveness of such programs. During the paper we will analyze sentencing differences between male and female offenders. We will also analyze the use of alternative programs for sentencing and their effectiveness. Female V MaleRead MoreEssay on The Mission of the Correctional System 1218 Words   |  5 PagesThe correctional system has three main goals: punish, protect the community and rehabilitate the offender. However, it is unclear how well the modern U.S correctional system achieves these goals and whether the money invested in the correctional system might be better spent. These are some of the points I will cover regarding what I think about the correctional system. Department of Corrections is an agency of the state that is responsible for the supervision and management of convicted felonsRead MoreEffectiveness And Effectiveness Of Incarceration980 Words   |  4 PagesBritian is now known to have record numbers in jails, which is also accurate for many other countries, such as USA, which has over two million people in prison, one and a half million serve in China and nearly one million in the Russian Federation (Newburn 2013: 706). Despite the fact that jails and conviction work differently when it comes to other countries, we can all agree on the fact that they exist namely in order to prevent crime and set justice for those who have been a victim of one as wellRead MoreThe Controversy Over the Death Penalty Essay907 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing problem of overcrowded prisons, or is justice really being served? Why do some view the taking of a life morally correct? These questions are discussed and debated upon in every state and national legislature throughout the country. Advantages and disadvantages for the death penalty exist, and many members of the United States, and individual State governments, have differing opinions. Yet it seems that the stronger arguments, and evidence such as cost effectiveness, should lead the commonRead MoreThe Justification Of Punishment Today s Society999 Words   |  4 Pagesjustice system as a whole is correct in theory, however, as stated by Bartollas and Siegel, â€Å"†¦only 20 percent of all recorded criminal acts result in arrest, and only about 20 percent of arrests wind up in prison, so the ability of punishment to deter crime is undermined by lack of system effectiveness and efficiency† (2013). With individuals who willfully commit crimes and are skillful and knowledgeable enough to manipulate the justice system to either evade arrest or avoid conviction, one could argueRead MoreThe United States Juvenile Justice Court Was Based On The1325 Words   |  6 P agesThe United States juvenile justice court was based on the English parens patriae adopted in the United States as part of the legal tradition of England. But the efforts of the state to rehabilitate juvenile offenders with institutional treatment with the houses of refuge and reformatories failed. Today, the United States has 51 different juvenile court systems; the laws and statutes vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Thus, each state’s approach to handle the youth offenders is responsible forRead MoreJustifications for Punishment in Modern Society1630 Words   |  7 Pagesdirectly aimed towards a particular individual who has already committed the crime through actually experiencing the punishment first hand. An example of this may be, being convicted of a crime and as a result being sentenced to so many years in jail or prison. However, in order for it to be successful, the â€Å"previously punished person must make a conscious connection between an intended crimi nal act and the punishment suffered as a result of similar acts committed in the past† (Stohr, Walsh, HemmensRead MoreEssay on Alternatives to Prison1677 Words   |  7 PagesAlternatives to Prison Prisons, facilities maintained for confining people convicted of committing crimes, were used to rehabilitate offenders while keeping them isolated from the community. The Quakers built the first prison in 1790 in order to seclude criminal offenders from society to think about their wrongdoing and to seek forgiveness in a kind, and spiritual environment. (Inciardi 497) Currently, there are three types of prisons within the Federal, State, and County governments. TheseRead MoreMass Incarceration And Its Effects On The United States Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagesstrikes law, truth-in sentencing laws, mandatory sentencing, and determinate sentencing, our prisons and jails have become overcrowded. The three strikes law increases the prison sentence of an offender convicted of three felonies or serious crime. Usually the punishment ranges from a minimum of 25 years to life in prison. The truth-in sentencing laws require the offender to serve a substantial amount of their prison sentence (usually around 85 percent) before they are eligible for release on parole. The

Blood brother unit 2 in drama Essay Example For Students

Blood brother unit 2 in drama Essay Because we thought it introduced Linda and how Mickey and Lindas relationship was evolving. We decided that the main theme in this scene was social class; how the more common travel and treat each other compared to what it would be like if you first class. I think we staged this piece well because not at any time did we have every one sat down like you would expect. I played Linda, Laurence was Mickey, Josh was Sammy and Dan was the conductor. Mickey, Linda and Sammy were sat down on chairs, as if it was a bus. Sammy had his back to Linda to empathise the fact they do not get along. Linda had her arm around Mickey, This was very obvious body language, e.g. her arm around him saying, hes mine and Im not letting go. Mickey held onto her hand, not as strong body language as Linda but still says I like her, but Im more relaxed about it. We had the conductor standing up walking around us asking for tickets. Him standing up over us gave him priority, but as soon as Sammy says What!? and stands up the authority automatically goes equally as the conductor has the threat of driving to the cop shop and Sammy is aggressive gaining more priority as people are scared of him. Sammy soon gains all priority when he produces a knife and threatens the conductor because all of the power is in his hands. However this status doesnt remain high that long because there is a sense of desperation when Sammy calls out to Mickey to help him, but Linda does not let Sammy get Mickey involved so all priority goes to her because she puts a stop to all of this. I think we developed the role of Linda well in this scene because of all the havoc rising she manages to put a stop to it. We could of improved the scene by having Mickey doing more in this scenes because there were times when he sat there when in a realistic situation he would have been standing trying to get Sammy to stop this. We would have worked on that if we had more time.  We got into small groups and were given the task to explore the media perspective if the blood brothers story had actually happened. We decided to do a show called Whats that Buzz which was a gossip show. Kate and I were the presenters, Michael and Ash were Mickey and Eddie and Jade played Mrs. Johnstone. We had an idea of recording our show on camera, and instead of having Mrs. Johnstone come into the studio but ring up. We pre recorded what me and Kate said and jade stepped out on stage with a phone talking to us, and I think we got the timing just right, I was really pleased with it. Mrs. Johnstone came across as an emotional wreck when we brought up her sons, we thought it would be funny if Mrs. Johnstone blamed the media for the death of her sons rather than pointing to the obvious, Linda. Mrs. Johnstone said the Media pushed Mickey over the edge by writing stories of sexual relationships between friends when the womans husband was in prison. We also explored what the publics views on the blood brothers story was, such as was it just a money scam of Mrs. Johnstones so she would get money from all this up roar, etc.  We performed these by Kate and I walking out from the curtains behind the television where our footage was being shown, and on the T.V me and Kate walk off camera so it almost looked as if we had walked out of the T.V. then on stage we showed short plays of what we said had happened. Another possibility was that Lindas baby was actually Eddies so we showed what that would have been like we had Eddie and Mickey on stage and Linda, then she tells Mickey, then he punches Eddie. .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 , .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .postImageUrl , .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 , .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9:hover , .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9:visited , .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9:active { border:0!important; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9:active , .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9 .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u16acd245069a64c4e3c0c3c9cc6828c9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In Cold Blood: Death Penalty EssayI really liked the idea of using the T.V so it was an actual television show. I think we could have improved it by not rushing it so much because of our time limit on this piece but also the place we filmed it because we were very limited for choice in our school. However I think we got the right idea about the whole media perspective.  I liked Dan and Joshs Idea of having a talk show and having Josh being Mickey sat in the audience whilst Eddie was on stage with Linda. Then Mickey stands up with a gun taking the whole audience hostage, I liked how they involved every one and gave it that feel of realism. I think they could have improved it by having Rory, the host standing up because through-out most of it, all of the people on stage were sat down so it didnt look as interesting as it could have.

John Wesley Essays - Anglican Saints, Methodism, Apocalypticists

John Wesley ?Making the Gospel Live? The ideas of Christianity before the time of John Wesley were definitely present, but not very defined or acknowledged. The Christian faith was very unstable and many common people were not sure of what to believe when it came to religion and faith. John Wesley was minister of the Church of England. Christian Faith was a great power that entered the hearts of men and women, which transformed their lives, when people were willing to accept the transformation to Christianity. John Wesley felt the power of the Christian Faith when he listened to a preacher in London on May 1738 when he was a young man. Wesley was then currently 35 years old, and was unsure of the work that should be done in the church. He was not sure what the standards were and whether he should preach in parish. He made up his mind that he would preach his congregations to anyone who was willing to listen and anywhere. He would travel anywhere for his beliefs to enter the hearts of people. For the next fifty years Wesley traveled all around England and Britain, especially in the Isles. Wesley would preach wherever he could find an audience, if there were no churches he would preach in graveyards, workshops, village greens, shops, water fronts, busy markets and stables and in some cases on a chair in the street. There were records that suggest he once preached on top of a pigsty in a stable, just outside of Winchester. It was estimated that through Wesley's travels, he had covered 250 000 miles, and preached around 40 thousand times or more. John Wesley preached his last sermon when he was 87 years old, in Sussex. It was an open air sermon and many believed his preaching had changed their lives. Many people admired Wesley's faith and were truly inspired by his words. Wesley never intended to form a new Christian church; although this occurred after his death. When Wesley and his younger brother had been at Oxford University, they gathered together and formed a small group of students who gathered together and shared their ideas about religion and faith. Fellow schoolmates for this; often teased them. Their nickname was the ?Holy Club.' The ?Holy Club' was very serious and insisted on keeping to a serious routine of prayer and bible studies. Although the ?Holy Club' was a harmless nickname, it led on to be the title for the new Christian Church. John Wesley also had very strong views on the public and the standards of living that had been occurring in Englandfro almost one hundred years. Wesley persisted in voicing his feelings of equal rights for all human beings. Wesley had helped Lord Shaftsbury, (other wise known as Anthony Ashley Cooper) in helping to raise the living standards of England. One important factor he changed were the cotton mills; also known as the ?dark satanic mills of England.' Children as young as six were used for slave labor and were treated very poorly. The children were crowed into workhouses, which were over come with diseases and crime. They were beaten if orders were not obeyed, and the food supplies were often very short, causing malnourishment. Anthony Ashley Cooper was a strong Christian believer. Lord Shaftsbury visited the decaying mills and was an appalled by the state of them. John Wesley was a true Christian believer who helped to lift the living standards of England along with Anthony Ashley Cooper. John Wesley's preaching all over Britain and England, gave faith to many people during his sermons, and his ideas of Christianity were greatly accepted by many in the English society. His wise words during his sermons gave a lot of faith. Wesley and his move to branch from the Christian church contributed to the stability of Christianity in England. Although Wesley was oblivious to the changes that he had made to the English Church when he was alive; after his death the many things that he had accomplished shone through and he was known as a great contributor to the new English Church. Bibliography 1. Religion Discovered, AL Milner, Man and Macmillan, 1998 Religion